Word List
Year 10 Vocabulary List
Year 10 students need a stronger command of analytical language, rhetorical terms, and evidence-based expression. This list supports the shift from competent writing to disciplined academic argument.
Good for
Year 10 students building toward senior English, humanities, and exam-style written responses.
Focus
Interpretive language, argument structure, close analysis, and precise subject vocabulary.
Choose a print mode to keep a copy for offline study.
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001
Word
abscond
verb
Meaning
To leave hurriedly and secretly, usually to avoid consequences.
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002
Word
accretion
noun
Meaning
Growth or increase by gradual addition.
#
003
Word
acerbic
adjective
Meaning
Sharp and direct; critical in speech or manner.
#
004
Word
achieve
verb
Meaning
To succeed in something, now especially in academic performance.
#
005
Word
acquiesce
verb
Meaning
To accept something without protest; to comply.
#
006
Word
acquisition
noun
Meaning
The act or process of acquiring.
#
007
Word
administration
noun
Meaning
The act of administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction.
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008
Word
affect
verb
Meaning
To influence or alter.
#
009
Word
afflict
verb
Meaning
To cause pain, suffering, or distress to someone.
#
010
Word
agnostic
noun
Meaning
A person who believes the existence of God cannot be known.
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011
Word
allocate
verb
Meaning
To assign resources or duties for a particular purpose.
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012
Word
allure
noun
Meaning
The quality of being powerfully attractive or fascinating.
#
013
Word
alternative
noun
Meaning
A situation which allows a mutually exclusive choice between two or more possibilities; a choice between two or more possibilities.
#
014
Word
amortise
verb
Meaning
To gradually write off the cost of an asset over time.
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015
Word
anaesthetic
noun
Meaning
A substance that causes loss of feeling or consciousness.
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016
Word
analysis
noun
Meaning
Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory etc.).
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017
Word
antipathy
noun
Meaning
A strong feeling of dislike or aversion.
#
018
Word
approach
noun
Meaning
The act of drawing near; a coming or advancing near.
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019
Word
arrogate
verb
Meaning
To claim something without justification; to seize.
#
020
Word
asceticism
noun
Meaning
A severe self-disciplined lifestyle without pleasures.
#
021
Word
aspects
noun
Meaning
Any specific feature, part, or element of something.
#
022
Word
assessment
noun
Meaning
The act of assessing or an amount (of tax, levy or duty etc) assessed.
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023
Word
assistance
noun
Meaning
Aid; help; the act or result of assisting.
#
024
Word
assume
verb
Meaning
To authenticate by means of belief; to surmise; to suppose to be true, especially without proof
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025
Word
authority
noun
Meaning
The power to enforce rules or give orders.
#
026
Word
autocratic
adjective
Meaning
Relating to rule by one person with total power.
#
027
Word
available
adjective
Meaning
Such as one may avail oneself of; capable of being used for the accomplishment of a purpose.
#
028
Word
benefit
noun
Meaning
An advantage; help or aid from something.
#
029
Word
categories
noun
Meaning
A group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria.
#
030
Word
caveat
noun
Meaning
A warning or qualification added to a statement.
#
031
Word
chimerical
adjective
Meaning
Wildly fanciful; imaginary.
#
032
Word
circumstances
noun
Meaning
That which attends, or relates to, or in some way affects, a fact or event; an attendant thing or state of things.
#
033
Word
clamour
noun
Meaning
A loud and confused noise; a strong public demand.
#
034
Word
coalescence
noun
Meaning
The process of combining into one body or group.
#
035
Word
codicil
noun
Meaning
An addition made to a will after it was first written.
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036
Word
cohabitation
noun
Meaning
Living together without being married.
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037
Word
collateral
noun
Meaning
Something pledged as security for a loan.
#
038
Word
commencement
noun
Meaning
The start or beginning of something.
#
039
Word
comments
noun
Meaning
A spoken or written remark.
#
040
Word
commiserate
verb
Meaning
To express sympathy for someone's trouble.
#
041
Word
commission
noun
Meaning
A sending or mission (to do or accomplish something).
#
042
Word
compensation
noun
Meaning
The act or principle of compensating.
#
043
Word
component
noun
Meaning
A smaller, self-contained part of a larger entity. Often refers to a manufactured object that is part of a larger device.
#
044
Word
computer
noun
Meaning
A person employed to perform computations; one who computes.
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045
Word
concatenation
noun
Meaning
A series of linked things or events.
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046
Word
concept
noun
Meaning
An abstract and general idea; an abstraction.
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047
Word
conduct
noun
Meaning
The act or method of controlling or directing
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048
Word
consequences
noun
Meaning
That which follows something on which it depends; that which is produced by a cause.
#
049
Word
considerable
noun
Meaning
A thing to be considered, consideration.
#
050
Word
consolidate
verb
Meaning
To strengthen by bringing together.
#
051
Word
constant
noun
Meaning
That which is permanent or invariable.
#
052
Word
constitutional
noun
Meaning
A walk that is taken regularly for good health and wellbeing.
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053
Word
constraints
noun
Meaning
Something that constrains; a restriction.
#
054
Word
construction
noun
Meaning
The process of constructing.
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055
Word
consumer
noun
Meaning
One who, or that which, consumes.
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056
Word
contemplate
verb
Meaning
To think carefully about something for a long time.
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057
Word
contention
noun
Meaning
Argument, contest, debate, strife, struggle.
#
058
Word
contract
noun
Meaning
An agreement between two or more parties, to perform a specific job or work order, often temporary or of fixed duration and usually governed by a written agreement.
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059
Word
contribution
noun
Meaning
Something given or offered that adds to a larger whole.
#
060
Word
contrived
adjective
Meaning
Deliberately created or arranged; unnatural.
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061
Word
convoluted
adjective
Meaning
Extremely complex and difficult to follow.
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062
Word
coordination
noun
Meaning
The act of coordinating, making different people or things work together for a goal or effect.
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063
Word
copious
adjective
Meaning
Abundant in supply or quantity.
#
064
Word
core
noun
Meaning
The central part of fruit, containing the kernels or seeds.
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065
Word
corporate
noun
Meaning
A bond issued by a corporation.
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066
Word
corresponding
verb
Meaning
(constructed with to) To be equivalent or similar in character, quantity, quality, origin, structure, function etc.
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067
Word
corrosive
adjective
Meaning
Causing gradual destruction; having a biting effect.
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068
Word
counterintuitive
adjective
Meaning
Going against what you would naturally expect.
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069
Word
covenant
noun
Meaning
A formal agreement between two parties.
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070
Word
credence
noun
Meaning
Belief in or acceptance of something as true.
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071
Word
credit
noun
Meaning
Reliance on the truth of something said or done; faith; trust.
#
072
Word
culpable
adjective
Meaning
Deserving blame for a fault or wrong.
#
073
Word
cultural
adjective
Meaning
Pertaining to culture.
#
074
Word
cumulation
noun
Meaning
The process of accumulating; a mass of accumulated things.
#
075
Word
dauntless
adjective
Meaning
Fearless and determined.
#
076
Word
decorum
noun
Meaning
Behaviour that is correct and polite in a particular situation.
#
077
Word
deferment
noun
Meaning
The action of putting something off to a later time.
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078
Word
degradation
noun
Meaning
The process of declining in quality or moral state.
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079
Word
deliberation
noun
Meaning
Long and careful consideration.
#
080
Word
delineated
adjective
Meaning
Clearly described or portrayed.
#
081
Word
derived
verb
Meaning
To obtain or receive (something) from something else.
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082
Word
desecration
noun
Meaning
The act of treating something sacred with violent disrespect.
#
083
Word
design
noun
Meaning
A specification of an object or process, referring to requirements to be satisfied and thus conditions to be met for them to solve a problem.
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084
Word
dichotomous
adjective
Meaning
Divided into two contrasting parts.
#
085
Word
dilapidation
noun
Meaning
A state of disrepair or ruin.
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086
Word
discordance
noun
Meaning
Lack of agreement; conflict between people or ideas.
#
087
Word
disenchantment
noun
Meaning
A feeling of disappointment at the failure of beliefs.
#
088
Word
disenfranchise
verb
Meaning
To deprive someone of the right to vote or of another right.
#
089
Word
disinterested
adjective
Meaning
Not influenced by personal interest; impartial.
#
090
Word
dissipate
verb
Meaning
To scatter or break up; to disappear gradually.
#
091
Word
distillation
noun
Meaning
The process of extracting the essential quality of something.
#
092
Word
distinction
noun
Meaning
That which distinguishes; a single occurrence of a determining factor or feature, the fact of being divided; separation, discrimination.
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093
Word
distribution
noun
Meaning
An act of distributing or state of being distributed.
#
094
Word
document
noun
Meaning
An original or official paper used as the basis, proof, or support of anything else, including any writing, book, or other instrument conveying information pertinent to such proof or support.
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095
Word
dogmatism
noun
Meaning
The tendency to assert opinions with unwarranted authority.
#
096
Word
domination
noun
Meaning
The exercise of power or influence over others.
#
097
Word
dysfunction
noun
Meaning
Abnormal or impaired functioning.
#
098
Word
ebullience
noun
Meaning
The quality of being cheerful and full of energy.
#
099
Word
eccentricity
noun
Meaning
The quality of being unconventional and slightly strange.
#
100
Word
economic
adjective
Meaning
Pertaining to an economy.
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101
Word
edificatory
adjective
Meaning
Serving to instruct and improve morally.
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102
Word
effacement
noun
Meaning
The act of erasing or making something less visible.
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103
Word
egregious
adjective
Meaning
Outstandingly bad; shocking.
#
104
Word
elements
noun
Meaning
One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.
#
105
Word
elucidation
noun
Meaning
The act of making something clear.
#
106
Word
emanation
noun
Meaning
Something that originates or issues from a source.
#
107
Word
embellishment
noun
Meaning
An added feature that makes something more attractive.
#
108
Word
emerged
verb
Meaning
To come into view.
#
109
Word
eminence
noun
Meaning
Fame and respect earned through achievement.
#
110
Word
ensure
verb
Meaning
To make a pledge to (someone); to promise, guarantee (someone of something); to assure.
#
111
Word
equation
noun
Meaning
The act or process of equating two or more things, or the state of those things being equal (that is, identical).
#
112
Word
established
verb
Meaning
To make stable or firm; to confirm.
#
113
Word
excluded
verb
Meaning
To bar (someone) from entering; to keep out.
#
114
Word
export
noun
Meaning
Something that is exported
#
115
Word
factors
noun
Meaning
A doer, maker; a person who does things for another person or organization.
#
116
Word
features
noun
Meaning
One's structure or make-up: form, shape, bodily proportions.
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117
Word
final
noun
Meaning
A final examination; a test or examination given at the end of a term or class; the test that concludes a class.
#
118
Word
financial
adjective
Meaning
Related to finances.
#
119
Word
focus
noun
Meaning
A point at which reflected or refracted rays of light converge.
#
120
Word
formula
noun
Meaning
Any mathematical rule expressed symbolically.
#
121
Word
framework
noun
Meaning
A support structure comprising joined parts or conglomerated particles and intervening open spaces of similar or larger size.
#
122
Word
function
noun
Meaning
What something does or is used for.
#
123
Word
funds
noun
Meaning
A sum or source of money.
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124
Word
goals
noun
Meaning
A result that one is attempting to achieve.
#
125
Word
hence
adverb
Meaning
From here, from this place, away
#
126
Word
identified
verb
Meaning
To establish the identity of someone or something.
#
127
Word
illustrated
verb
Meaning
To shed light upon.
#
128
Word
impact
noun
Meaning
The striking of one body against another; collision.
#
129
Word
implementation
noun
Meaning
The process of moving an idea from concept to reality. In business, engineering and other fields, implementation refers to the building process rather than the design process.
#
130
Word
implies
verb
Meaning
(of a proposition) to have as a necessary consequence
#
131
Word
income
noun
Meaning
Money one earns by working or by capitalising on the work of others.
#
132
Word
indicate
verb
Meaning
To point out; to discover; to direct to a knowledge of; to show; to make known.
#
133
Word
individual
noun
Meaning
A person considered alone, rather than as belonging to a group of people.
#
134
Word
initial
noun
Meaning
The first letter of a word or a name.
#
135
Word
injury
noun
Meaning
Damage to the body of a human or animal.
#
136
Word
instance
noun
Meaning
Urgency of manner or words; an urgent request; insistence.
#
137
Word
institute
noun
Meaning
An organization founded to promote a cause
#
138
Word
interaction
noun
Meaning
The situation or occurrence in which two or more objects or events act upon one another to produce a new effect; the effect resulting from such a situation or occurrence.
#
139
Word
internal
adjective
Meaning
Inside of something
#
140
Word
investment
noun
Meaning
The act of investing, or state of being invested.
#
141
Word
involved
verb
Meaning
To roll or fold up; to wind round; to entwine.
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142
Word
issues
noun
Meaning
The action or an instance of flowing or coming out, an outflow, particularly:
#
143
Word
items
noun
Meaning
A distinct physical object.
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144
Word
journal
noun
Meaning
A diary or daily record of a person, organization, vessel etc.; daybook.
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145
Word
labour
noun
Meaning
Effort expended on a particular task; toil, work.
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146
Word
layer
noun
Meaning
A single thickness of some material covering a surface.
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147
Word
legal
noun
Meaning
The legal department of a company.
#
148
Word
legislation
noun
Meaning
The act of legislating; preparation and enactment of laws; the laws enacted.
#
149
Word
link
noun
Meaning
Some text or a graphic in an electronic document that can be activated to display another document or trigger an action.
#
150
Word
location
noun
Meaning
A particular point or place in physical space.
#
151
Word
maintenance
noun
Meaning
Actions performed to keep some machine or system functioning or in service.
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152
Word
major
noun
Meaning
A military rank between captain and lieutenant colonel.
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153
Word
maximum
noun
Meaning
The highest limit
#
154
Word
method
noun
Meaning
A process by which a task is completed; a way of doing something (followed by the adposition of, to or for before the purpose of the process):
#
155
Word
minorities
noun
Meaning
The state of being a minor; youth, the period of a person's life prior to reaching adulthood.
#
156
Word
normal
noun
Meaning
A line or vector that is perpendicular to another line, surface, or plane.
#
157
Word
obtained
verb
Meaning
To get hold of; to gain possession of, to procure; to acquire, in any way.
#
158
Word
occupational
adjective
Meaning
Of, belonging or relating to an occupation (in any sense).
#
159
Word
occur
verb
Meaning
To happen or take place.
#
160
Word
outcomes
noun
Meaning
That which is produced or occurs as a result of an event or process.
#
161
Word
overall
noun
Meaning
A garment worn over other clothing to protect it; a coverall or boiler suit. A garment, for manual labour or for casual wear, often made of a single piece of fabric, with long legs and a bib upper, supported from the shoulders with straps, and having several large pockets and loops for carrying tools.
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162
Word
participation
noun
Meaning
The act of participating, of taking part in something.
#
163
Word
partnership
noun
Meaning
The state of being associated with a partner.
#
164
Word
perceived
verb
Meaning
To become aware of, through the physical senses or by thinking; to see; to understand.
#
165
Word
percent
noun
Meaning
A percentage, a proportion (especially per hundred).
#
166
Word
period
noun
Meaning
A length of time.
#
167
Word
philosophy
noun
Meaning
The love of wisdom.
#
168
Word
physical
noun
Meaning
Physical examination.
#
169
Word
policy
noun
Meaning
A principle of behaviour, conduct etc. thought to be desirable or necessary, especially as formally expressed by a government or other authoritative body.
#
170
Word
potential
noun
Meaning
Currently unrealized ability (with the most common adposition being to)
#
171
Word
previous
noun
Meaning
An existing criminal record (short for "previous convictions")
#
172
Word
procedure
noun
Meaning
A particular method for performing a task.
#
173
Word
process
noun
Meaning
A series of events which produce a result (the product).
#
174
Word
project
noun
Meaning
A planned endeavour, usually with a specific goal and accomplished in several steps or stages.
#
175
Word
proportion
noun
Meaning
A quantity of something that is part of the whole amount or number.
#
176
Word
published
verb
Meaning
To issue (something, such as printed work) for distribution and/or sale.
#
177
Word
purchase
noun
Meaning
The acquisition of title to, or property in, anything for a price; buying for money or its equivalent.
#
178
Word
range
noun
Meaning
A line or series of mountains, buildings, etc.
#
179
Word
reaction
noun
Meaning
An action or statement in response to a stimulus or other event.
#
180
Word
regime
noun
Meaning
Mode of rule or management.
#
181
Word
registered
verb
Meaning
To enter in a register.
#
182
Word
regulations
noun
Meaning
The act of regulating or the condition of being regulated.
#
183
Word
reliance
noun
Meaning
The act of relying (on or in someone or something); trust.
#
184
Word
removed
verb
Meaning
To move something from one place to another, especially to take away.
#
185
Word
required
verb
Meaning
To ask (someone) for something; to request.
#
186
Word
resident
noun
Meaning
A person, animal or plant living at a certain location or in a certain area.
#
187
Word
resources
noun
Meaning
Something that one uses to achieve an objective, e.g. raw materials or personnel.
#
188
Word
response
noun
Meaning
An answer or reply, or something in the nature of an answer or reply.
#
189
Word
restricted
verb
Meaning
To restrain within boundaries; to limit; to confine
#
190
Word
retained
verb
Meaning
To keep in possession or use.
#
191
Word
role
noun
Meaning
A character or part played by a performer or actor.
#
192
Word
scheme
noun
Meaning
A systematic plan of future action.
#
193
Word
section
noun
Meaning
A cutting; a part cut out from the rest of something.
#
194
Word
sector
noun
Meaning
Section
#
195
Word
security
noun
Meaning
The condition of not being threatened, especially physically, psychologically, emotionally, or financially.
#
196
Word
select
verb
Meaning
To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options.
#
197
Word
sex
noun
Meaning
A category into which sexually-reproducing organisms are divided on the basis of their reproductive roles in their species.
#
198
Word
shift
noun
Meaning
A modifier key whose main function is shifting between two or more functions of any of certain other keys (usually by pressing Shift and the other button simultaneously).
#
199
Word
site
noun
Meaning
Sorrow, grief.
#
200
Word
sought
verb
Meaning
To try to find; to look for; to search for.
#
201
Word
specific
noun
Meaning
A distinguishing attribute or quality.
#
202
Word
specified
adjective
Meaning
Thoroughly explained.
#
203
Word
strategies
noun
Meaning
The science and art of military command as applied to the overall planning and conduct of warfare.
#
204
Word
substantiated
verb
Meaning
To verify something by supplying evidence; to authenticate or corroborate
#
205
Word
task
noun
Meaning
A piece of work done as part of one’s duties.
#
206
Word
techniques
noun
Meaning
The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
#
207
Word
text
noun
Meaning
A writing consisting of multiple glyphs, characters, symbols or sentences.
#
208
Word
theory
noun
Meaning
A description of an event or system that is considered to be accurate.
#
209
Word
transfer
noun
Meaning
The act of conveying or removing something from one place, person or thing to another.
#
210
Word
variables
noun
Meaning
Something that is variable.
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